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EDUCATION STATISTICS A POCKET DIGEST, 1990 ================================================================================ OVERVIEW ________________________________________________________________________________ School year ______________________________________ Characteristic 1970-71 1980-81 1985-86 1989-90 (Estimated) ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrollment (In thousands) Total, all levels ................. 59,853 58,346 57,226 59,382 Elementary/secondary, total ..... 51,272 46,249 44,979 45,963 Public schools ................ 45,909 40,918 39,422 40,608 Private schools ............... 5,363 5,331 5,557 5,355 Higher education, total ......... 8,581 12,097 12,247 13,419 Public ........................ 6,428 9,457 9,479 10,430 Private ....................... 2,153 2,640 2,768 2,989 Instructional staff Total, all levels ................. 2,762 3,171 3,265 3,492 Elementary/secondary teachers ... 2,288 2,485 2,550 2,737 Public schools ................ 2,055 2,184 2,207 2,360 Private schools ............... 233 301 343 377 College faculty (senior instructional staff only) ...... 474 1/686 1/715 755 Public ........................ 314 1/495 1/503 534 Private ....................... 160 1/191 1/212 221 Expenditures (In billions) Total, all levels ....................... $75.7 $182.8 $269.5 $358.7 Elementary/secondary expenditures ................... 48.2 112.3 161.8 215.5 Public schools ............... 45.5 104.1 148.6 198.6 Private schools 1/ ............ 2.7 8.2 13.2 16.9 College expenditures 2/ ......... 27.5 70.5 107.7 143.2 Public colleges ............... 18.0 46.6 70.1 92.2 Private colleges .............. 9.5 24.0 37.6 51.0 ________________________________________________________________________________ Fiscal year _____________________________________ 1980 1984 1988 19901/ ________________________________________________________________________________ Federal funds for education (In billions) Total, all agencies ............... $34.3 $36.1 $43.2 $50.5 Elementary/secondary education .. 16.0 15.3 18.6 21.1 Higher education programs ....... 10.9 10.2 10.4 12.9 Research at colleges ............ 5.8 7.9 11.3 13.0 Other education programs ........ 1.5 2.7 3.0 3.5 ================================================================================ ELEMENTARY/SECONDARY EDUCATION ________________________________________________________________________________ School year ______________________________________ Characteristic 1970-71 1980-81 1985-86 1988-89 ________________________________________________________________________________ Public school districts (In units) Total ............................. 17,995 15,912 3/15,713 15,376 Regular public schools Total ............................. 89,372 83,688 3/82,190 82,081 Elementary ...................... 64,020 59,326 3/58,801 59,296 Secondary ....................... 23,572 22,619 3/21,406 20,550 Combined elementary/secondary ... 1,780 1,743 3/ 1,983 2,235 Enrollment (fall) (In thousands) Total, public and private ......... 51,272 46,249 44,979 4/45,433 Public schools .................. 45,909 40,918 39,422 4/40,192 Elementary (K-8) .............. 32,577 27,677 27,030 4/28,501 Secondary (9-12) .............. 13,332 13,242 12,392 4/11,692 Private schools ................. 5,363 5,331 5,557 4/5,241 Elementary (K-8) .............. 4,052 3,992 4,195 4/4,036 Secondary (9-12) .............. 1,311 1,339 1,362 4/1,206 Percent of students in private schools ....................... 10.5 11.5 12.4 11.5 Teachers (fall) (In thousands) Total, public and private ......... 2,288 2,485 2,550 4/2,661 Public schools .................. 2,055 2,184 2,207 4/2,316 Elementary .................... 1,128 1,189 1,237 4/1,337 Secondary ..................... 927 995 970 4/979 Private schools ................. 233 301 343 4/345 Elementary .................... 153 212 246 4/251 Secondary ..................... 80 89 97 4/94 High school graduates Total, public and private ......... 2,937 3,020 2,643 1/2,787 Public schools .................. 2,637 2,725 2,383 1/2,496 Private schools ................. 300 295 260 1/291 High school graduates as a percent (Percent) of 17-year-olds .................. 75.9 71.8 73.0 1/74.1 Public school finances (In billions) Revenues, total ................... $44.5 $105.9 $149.1 5/$169.7 Revenues, by source of funds (Percent) Total ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Federal ....................... 8.4 9.2 6.7 5/6.3 State ......................... 39.1 47.4 49.4 5/49.5 Local ......................... 52.5 43.4 43.9 5/44.1 (In billions) Public school expenditures, total . $45.5 $104.1 $148.6 1/$185.3 Current expenditures ............ 39.6 95.5 --- --- -for regular school program ... 38.7 94.3 137.2 1/$168.6 -for other programs ........... 1.0 1.2 --- --- Interest on school debt ......... 1.3 1.9 --- --- Capital outlay .................. 4.6 6.7 --- --- Average annual salary for (In units) public school teachers 6/ .......... $9,268 $17,644 $25,194 $29,547 Current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public schools ..................... $911 $2,502 $3,756 1/$4,495 Pupil-teacher ratios (based on enrollment) Public schools .................... 22.3 18.8 17.9 1/17.4 Private schools ................... 23.0 17.7 16.2 1/15.2 ================================================================================ HIGHER EDUCATION ________________________________________________________________________________ School year ______________________________________ Characteristic 1970-71 1980-81 1985-86 1988-89 ________________________________________________________________________________ Number of colleges (In units) Total ............................. --- 3,231 3,340 7/3,535 Public .......................... --- 1,497 1,498 7/1,563 4-year ........................ --- 552 566 7/595 2-year ........................ --- 945 932 7/968 Private ......................... --- 1,734 1,842 7/1,972 4-year ........................ --- 1,405 1,463 7/1,532 2-year ........................ --- 329 379 7/440 Enrollment (fall) (In thousands) Total ............................. 8,581 12,097 12,247 4/13,043 Control Public .......................... 6,428 9,457 9,479 4/10,156 4-year ........................ 4,233 5,129 5,210 4/5,544 2-year ........................ 2,195 4,329 4,270 4/4,612 Private ......................... 2,153 2,640 2,768 4/2,887 4-year ........................ 2,029 2,442 2,506 4/2,631 2-year ........................ 124 198 261 4/256 Student attendance status Full-time ....................... 5,816 7,098 7,075 4/7,430 Part-time ....................... 2,765 4,999 5,172 4/5,613 Sex of student Men ............................. 5,044 5,874 5,818 4/5,998 Women ........................... 3,537 6,223 6,429 4/7,045 (Percent) Distribution, by race/ethnicity8/ . --- 100.0 9/100.0 4/100.0 White, non-Hispanic ............. --- 83.5 81.6 81.1 Black, non-Hispanic ............. --- 9.4 8.9 8.9 Hispanic ........................ --- 4.0 5.1 5.4 Asian/Pacific Islander .......... --- 2.4 3.7 3.9 American Indian/Alaskan Native .. --- 0.7 0.7 0.7 Nonresident alien .............. --- --- --- --- Faculty (In thousands) Total (senior instructional staff only) ...................... 474 1/686 1/715 10/793 4-year .......................... 382 1/494 1/504 10/548 2-year .......................... 92 1/192 1/211 10/246 Degrees conferred (In thousands) Associate ....................... 253 416 446 1/436 Bachelor's ...................... 840 935 988 1/1,017 Master's ........................ 231 296 289 1/308 First-professional .............. 38 72 74 1/69 Doctor's ........................ 32 33 34 1/35 Awarded to women (Percent) Associate ....................... 42.8 54.7 56.0 1/56.5 Bachelor's ...................... 43.4 49.8 50.8 1/52.4 Master's ........................ 40.1 50.3 50.3 1/52.1 First-professional .............. 6.3 26.6 33.4 1/36.1 Doctor's ........................ 14.3 31.1 35.2 1/38.2 Finances (In billions) Revenues, total public and private ......................... $23.9 $65.6 $100.4 3/$108.8 Revenues, by source of funds (Percent) Total ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 3/100.0 Tuition ....................... 21.0 21.0 23.0 3/23.6 Federal Government 11/ ........ 19.3 14.9 12.6 3/12.8 State government .............. 27.6 30.7 29.8 3/28.8 Local government .............. 3.8 2.7 2.5 3/2.6 Private sources ............... 5.1 4.8 5.4 3/5.5 Endowment ..................... 2.3 2.1 2.3 3/2.2 Sales and services revenues and other ........................ 20.9 23.8 24.4 3/24.6 Expenditures, total public and (In billions) private 2/ ....................... $27.5 $70.5 $107.7 1/$135.9 Public colleges ................. 18.0 46.6 70.1 --- Current-fund expenditures ..... 15.0 42.3 63.2 3/$67.7 Additions to plant value ...... 3.0 4.3 6.9 --- Private colleges ................ 9.5 24.0 37.6 --- Current-fund expenditures ..... 8.4 21.8 34.3 3/38.1 Additions to plant value ...... 1.1 2.2 3.3 --- Average annual rates for tuition, and room and board 1/ Public ............................ $1,287 $2,373 $3,571 $4,274 Tuition ......................... 351 635 1,045 1,285 Room and board .................. 936 1,739 2,527 2,990 Private ........................... 2,738 5,470 8,885 11,189 Tuition ......................... 1,684 3,498 5,789 7,461 Room and board .................. 1,054 1,972 3,095 3,729 ================================================================================ POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS 12/ ________________________________________________________________________________ Year _____________________________________ Characteristic 1960 1970 1980 1989 ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrollment rates of selected (Percent) population age groups, October 3- and 4-year-olds ............... --- 20.5 36.7 39.1 5- and 6-year-olds ............... 80.7 89.5 95.7 95.2 7- to 13-year-olds ............... 99.5 99.2 99.3 99.3 14- to 17-year-olds ............... 90.3 94.1 93.4 95.7 18- and 19-year-olds .............. 38.4 47.7 46.4 56.0 20- to 24-year-olds ............... 13.1 21.5 22.3 27.0 25- to 29-year-olds ............... 4.9 7.5 9.3 9.3 30- to 34-year-olds .............. 2.4 4.2 6.4 5.7 Educational attainment of persons 25 and over, March: Completing less than 5 years of school ........................... 8.3 5.3 3.4 2.5 Completing high school ............ 41.1 55.2 68.6 76.8 Completing at least 4 years of college ......................... 7.7 11.0 17.0 21.1 ================================================================================ ---Data not available. 1/Estimated. 2/Includes current-fund expenditures and additions to plant value. 3/1986-87 data. 4/Preliminary data. 5/1987-88 data. 6/Data collected by the National Education Association. 7/1989-90 data. 8/Distribution for U.S. citizens only. 9/1986 data. 10/1987 data. 11/Federally supported student aid received through students is shown under tuition and under sales and services and other revenues. 12/Bureau of the Census data. NOTE.--Be aware of the limitations of statistics. These limitations vary with the particular survey. More information on survey methodologies is in the "Guide to Sources" in the appendix of the Digest of Education Statistics, 1990. All data are for the 50 States and D.C. Finance data not adjusted for inflation. Some data are revised from published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, 1990. (This publication was prepared July 1990.) For a copy of DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS, 1990, order from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9371, Stock No. 065-000-00442-9, price $24.00. Telephone: (202) 783-3238. DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS, 1990 tables are available for downloading on the OERI Electronic Bulletin Board. Please call 1-800-222-4922 or 202-219-2011.